THE VACCINE SCHEDULE
1950-2018
Nelson Branco, MD, FAAP
Tamalpais Pediatrics, Larkspur CA
The first vaccine – Smallpox
■ Invented by Edward Jenner in 1796
– Jenner noticed that milkmaids who were exposed to cowpox, a milder disease
similar to smallpox, did not develop smallpox to the same extent as others
– He developed method of arm-to-arm inoculation: a small amount of pus from
one person’s blisters was inoculated into the arm of another
Late 1940’s
■ In the early part of the century, scientific progress had allowed for the development
of new vaccines and large scale vaccine production
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diptheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Smallpox
Late 1950’s
■ Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) – licensed in 1955
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Smallpox
– Polio (OPV)
Late 1960’s
■ Vaccines against Measles (1963), Mumps (1967) and Rubella (1969) were
developed
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Smallpox
– Polio (OPV)
– Measles
– Mumps
– Rubella
1970’s
■ Smallpox was declared eradicated and use of smallpox vaccine was discontinued in
1972
■ Measles, Mumps, Rubella vaccine was combined into MMR
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Polio (OPV)
– MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
1985-1994
■ Hib vaccine developed and added to the schedule
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Polio (OPV)
– MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
– Hib (Haemophilius influenzae Type B)
1994-1995
■ Hepatitis B was added to the schedule as a routine vaccination instead of being
used only for high risk groups
■ Recommended vaccines:
– DTP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis)
– Polio (OPV)
– MMR (Measles, Mumps, Rubella)
– Hib (Haemophilius influenzae Type B)
– Hepatitis B
1995 Vaccine Schedule
1996 Vaccine Schedule
1998 Vaccine Schedule
2000 Vaccine Schedule
Rotavirus vaccine
removed from the
schedule
2002 Vaccine Schedule
2006 Vaccine Schedule
2007 Vacine Schedule
2011 Vaccination Schedule
2012 Vaccine Schedule
2018 Vaccine Schedule
