Nature-Based-Solutions-Resource-Guide-2022.pdf

NATURE-BASED

SOLUTIONS

RESOURCE GUIDE

COMPENDIUM OF FEDERAL EXAMPLES,

GUIDANCE, RESOURCE DOCUMENTS,

TOOLS, AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

NOVEMBER 2022

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Prepared by:

White House Council on Environmental Quality: Co-Chair, Lydia Olander

White House Office of Domestic Climate Policy: Co-Chair, Krystal Laymon

White House Office of Science and Technology Policy: Co-Chair, Heather Tallis

Contributing agencies and bureaus:

Suggested citation: White House Council on Environmental Quality, White House Office of Science

and Technology Policy, White House Office of Domestic Climate Policy, 2022. Nature-Based

Solutions Resource Guide. Washington, D.C.

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Table of Contents

Summary ......................................................................................................................................... 4

Abbreviations and Acronyms ......................................................................................................... 5

Federal Stories: Nature-Based Solutions in Action ....................................................................... 6

Current Federal Resources, Tools, Guidance, and Technical Assistance ..................................... 20

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Summary

The impacts of climate change and the continual loss of nature endanger American communities,

ecosystems, and infrastructure. To help us achieve climate, conservation and equity goals, the

Biden-Harris Administration is investing in nature-based solutions. These solutions are actions to

protect, sustainably manage, or restore natural or modified ecosystems to address societal

challenges, simultaneously providing benefits for people and the environment.

Nature-based solutions have been used successfully by many federal agencies. Yet, they are far

from reaching their full potential. One challenge to further adoption is limited awareness and

skills for using nature-based solutions. This guide provides a compendium of federal and partner

cases and resources that can help overcome this challenge.

The guide contains 30 examples of ways that federal agencies have used nature-based solutions

to achieve their goals. The diverse set of examples demonstrates that nature-based solutions can

provide many different benefits. For example, nature-based solutions have been used to make

federal buildings and assets more resilient to natural hazards and climate impacts. These

solutions have also been used to reduce operation and management costs, like those for heating

and cooling and stormwater management. Federal agencies have also supported communities in

their use of nature-based solutions. For example, communities have used federal funding of

nature-based solutions to build resilient low-income housing and make roads safer. Wetlands and

native plants have been used to capture stormwater, reducing flooding and costs for stormwater

management systems. Communities have grown rain gardens and shade trees as part of their

journey towards improved public health. Good jobs have been supported for ranchers, renewable

energy workers, engineers and other sectors. Shaded fire breaks have reduced the risk of

catastrophic wildfires. Roads and homes have been strengthened against future erosion from

intense storms and sea level rise. Plants valued by Native communities have been revived,

reconnecting people to important cultural practices. Communities that have been denied access

to nature in the past have been connected to greenspaces. Science and evidence have been

advanced, using these experiences as opportunities to learn. And through all of these efforts,

nature has been saved or strengthened.

The guide also contains a summary and links to 177 federal knowledge resources, tools,

guidance, and technical assistance on nature-based solutions. Together, these examples and

resources provide a starting point for learning about nature-based solutions and effectively

implementing them. There are other challenges that slow the deployment of nature-based

solutions. These are addressed in a companion report on “Opportunities to Accelerate Nature-

Based Solutions: A Roadmap for Climate Progress, Thriving Nature, Equity and Prosperity.”

United Nations Environment Assembly. 2020. Resolution adopted by the United Nations Environment Assembly on 2 March 2022—Nature-

based solutions for supporting sustainable development, UNEP/EA.5/Res.5.

https://wedocs.unep.org/bitstream/handle/20.500.11822/39752/K2200677%20-%20UNEP-EA.5-Res.5%20-

%20Advance.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y.

White House Council on Environmental Quality, White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, White House Domestic Climate Policy Office,

2022. Opportunities for Accelerating Nature-Based Solutions: A Roadmap for

Climate Progress, Thriving Nature, Equity, and Prosperity. Report

to the National Climate Task Force. Washington, D.C.

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Abbreviations and Acronyms

AFB Air Force Base

BIA U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs

BOEM U.S. Bureau of Ocean Energy Management

CEQ White House Council on Environmental Quality

DHS U.S. Department of Homeland Security

DOD U.S. Department of Defense

DOE U.S. Department of Energy

DOI U.S. Department of the Interior

DOT U.S. Department of Transportation

EDA U.S. Economic Development Administration

EPA U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

FEMA Federal Emergency Management Agency

FHWA Federal Highway Administration

FWS Fish and Wildlife Service

GSA General Services Administration

HUD U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development

NFWF National Fish and Wildlife Foundation

NIDS Natural Infrastructure in Dryland Streams

NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

NPS U.S. National Park Service

NRCS Natural Resources Conservation Service

OIA U.S. Department of the Interior Office of Insular Affairs

OSTP White House Office of Science and Technology Policy

ROI Return on Investment

USACE U.S. Army Corps of Engineers

USAID U.S. Agency for International Development

USCG U.S. Coast Guard

USDA U.S. Department of Agriculture

USFS U.S. Forest Service

USGS U.S. Geological Survey

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Federal Stories:

Nature-Based Solutions in Action

Federal agencies have pioneered nature-based solutions on federal lands and waters, in federal

facilities, and in partnership with communities, companies, and Tribal, state, local, territorial and

other national governments. Examples are available from across the federal family,

demonstrating the broad relevance of nature-based solutions to a wide range of American

challenges and opportunities.

For example, nature-based solutions have been used to make federal buildings and assets more

resilient to natural hazards and climate impacts. These solutions have also been used to reduce

operation and management costs, like those for heating and cooling, and stormwater

management. Federal agencies have supported communities in their use of nature-based

solutions to provide many benefits, including to:

• build resilient low-income housing

• improve transportation safety

• manage stormwater

• reduce cooling costs

• reduce heat stress

• increase the lifetime of infrastructure

• support good jobs

• increase community engagement

• improve worker satisfaction

• slow climate change

• adapt to climate impacts

• reduce wildfire risk

• provide recreational opportunities

• reduce flooding, sea level rise, and erosion

risk to homes, roads, and other

infrastructure

• slow land subsidence

• improve mental and physical health

• provide opportunities for nature education

• support community values

• improve water quality, clean water supplies

• reduce future disaster risks

• improve knowledge and evidence

• protect culturally important sites,

experiences

• conserve water supplies, reduce effects of

drought

• provide a beneficial use of dredge material

• reduce dredge and disposal costs

• benefit local economies, support incomes

• reduce business closures from flooding

• respect Indigenous Knowledge

• maintain Tribal and Native American

practices

• support practices by private landowners

• strengthen private landowner social

networks

• create corridors for wildlife and connect

landscapes

• support military operations and readiness

• improve living conditions for military

service members

• improve water clarity

• engage volunteers

• control invasive species

• recharge groundwater

• protect threatened and endangered species

• reduce need for fertilizers, machinery use

• reduce dust storms

• improve college campus sustainability

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• reduce construction and maintenance costs

• support food production

• protect and rebuild natural habitats

• support wildlife

• overcome environmental injustices

• conserve water

• beautify landscapes

• create school gardens and outdoor

classrooms

• reduce heat island effects in cities

Nature-based solutions applied by federal agencies have included wetland restoration,

transportation and facility construction, coral reef protection, farm and forest management,

community development, school design, military base management, and beyond. The

deployment of nature-based solutions for so many uses by so many agencies with Tribal, state,

Territorial and local partners reflects decades of research and experimentation. These examples

demonstrate that well-designed nature-based solutions can be cost-effective, outlast conventional

options, be more resilient to the effects of climate change, and provide multiple benefits often

beyond what conventional options provide. A broad selection of examples of how the federal

government has used nature-based solutions follows. These stories are not exhaustive, but rather

demonstrate the range of scales and contexts where agencies have adopted nature-based

solutions.

AmeriCorps

AmeriCorps strengthens the nature-based solutions workforce

AmeriCorps serves as a modern-day Civilian Conservation Corps focused on tackling 21

century challenges, including environmental challenges, through a more diverse and equitable

lens. AmeriCorps works closely with other federal agencies, Governor-appointed State Service

Commissions, and non-profit partners. More than 16,000 AmeriCorps members and AmeriCorps

Seniors volunteers are engaged each year in conservation, renewable energy, and community

resilience projects. AmeriCorps is currently researching members’ climate knowledge and

literacy before and after participating in AmeriCorps’ National Civilian Community Corps

“Summer of Service.” AmeriCorps-funded service is categorized into six focus areas; many

members serve in the area of Environmental Stewardship, implementing a variety of nature-

based solutions. Across all of AmeriCorps’ focus areas, a large majority of members reported

higher likelihoods of discussing the effects of political, social, local, or national issues on the

community with their peers. Members also reported participating in their communities more after

having served in AmeriCorps. Higher confidence in their ability to adequately address

community concerns was also seen. These positive trends provide insight on workforce benefits

like education, skills-building, and community participation that come with investing in jobs,

including those focused on nature-based solutions and environmental stewardship.

Return on Investment Study: Nevada Conservation Corps

Since 1999, AmeriCorps has supported the work of the Nevada Conservation Corps, an

environmental service program supporting Nevada’s communities and public lands by deploying

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forestry teams that use “natural infrastructure solutions” to reduce the severity of wildfires,

remove invasive species to increase benefits to society from ecosystems, and build and maintain

trails that provide health and recreational benefits. The program contributes to capacity building

and workforce development related to nature-based solutions. To better understand the impact of

the program, AmeriCorps commissioned a Return on Investment (ROI) analysis. Among the

benefits to various stakeholders measured in this study are reduced wildfire damage,

environmental benefits, and improved trail access. The ROI study also pioneered strategies for

monetizing outcomes associated with reduced greenhouse gas emissions and for discounting

ecosystem benefits over regrowth periods.

U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID)

Natural Infrastructure for Water Security in Peru

Building on a series of smaller investments, the USAID/Peru Mission launched the Natural

Infrastructure for Water Security project in 2017. Multiple emergencies—including drought,

forest fires, floods and landslides—demonstrated Peru’s vulnerability to hydrological and

climatic extremes. By working with private companies, local authorities and water users, USAID

helped to develop a pipeline of natural infrastructure investment projects to ensure reliable,

climate resilient water supplies for urban water utilities that are sustainable, cost-effective, and

scalable. Through this program, USAID is: supporting nine Integrated Plans for Flood and

Landslide Management that will incorporate $15 million in natural infrastructure investments;

facilitating approval of the Lima Region water utility’s five-year Optimized Master Plan

including a one percent Payment for Ecosystem Services tariff; and catalyzing $8 million in

regional government investments. It also includes improving capacity and market access for

natural infrastructure linked value chains, including honey and dairy production, that improve

livelihoods for local communities and also increases the sustainability of nature-based solution

investments.

Climate-Resilient Ecosystems and Livelihoods in Bangladesh

The USAID/Bangladesh Mission is working with Bangladesh to address their high vulnerability

to climate stressors such as sea level rise, floods, droughts and other extreme weather events. The

Mission’s Climate-Resilient Ecosystems and Livelihoods project focused on conserving

biodiversity and strengthening ecosystems in four rural, biologically significant regions to help

communities adapt to climate change. From 2012-2018, the project helped local communities

across 30 protected area sites reduce climate risks to livelihoods and food security through

improved management and conservation of forest and wetland ecosystems. Additional nature-

based approaches to increase climate resilience of productivity and household livelihoods

included agroforestry, the conservation of natural buffers adjacent to farming plots, and

improvements in the management of wild fisheries that serve as safety nets during times of crop

failure. The activities helped 965 villages develop climate change adaptation and mitigation

plans that included nature-based approaches, and led to 17,000 households benefiting from

increases in fish catches.

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U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)

Central Sierra Recovery and Restoration Project

The southern Sierra Nevada in California is famous for iconic places like Yosemite Valley and

the giant sequoia groves. In the past several years, this area of the Sierra Nevada has lost tens of

millions of trees to wildfire. The USDA Joint Chiefs’ Landscape Restoration Partnership

invested in several nature-based solutions including prescribed fire treatments and removing

hazard trees in the wildland urban interface, a practice that is critical to reducing the threat of

catastrophic wildfire to local communities and sensitive habitats. Fuels reduction and prescribed

fire treatments were applied to more than 3,100 acres and helped create a defensible space for

firefighters to protect four communities during wildfires. The project supported rural economies

by reducing fire hazards to help sustain the tourism industry of the Sierra Nevada foothills. These

actions also improved habitat for at-risk species like the Pacific fisher, great grey owl, western

pond turtle, and foothill yellow-legged frog. In addition, local communities, roads, and active

restoration sites were aided by removing hazardous trees. The Landscape Restoration Partnership

enables the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) and U.S. Forest Service (USFS) to

collaborate with agricultural producers and forest landowners to invest in conservation and

restoration at a big enough scale to make a difference.

Life from Soil: The Ranching Sustainability and Viability Planning Network

The goal of the Life from Soil project is to improve the ecological function of over 500,000 acres

of grasslands in Montana, Nebraska, and South Dakota by 2027. Participating ranchers agree to

nature-based solutions including zero conversion of their grasslands for ten years. They also

develop and implement a written grazing management plan, complete trainings on grazing

management, monitoring, and other topics, and participate in on-ranch ecological monitoring.

Ranchers are also enrolled in the World Wildlife Fund’s Ranch Systems and Viability Planning

Network, which creates a support system for ranchers interested in making ecological

improvements and enhancing the financial sustainability of their operations. These changes will

produce a variety of benefits for ranches including improved soil health and water filtration,

increased habitat for wildlife, the potential for reduced emissions through carbon storage and

sequestration, improved financial sustainability, and stronger social networks among ranchers.

The project leverages almost $3 million in partner contributions, including eight partner-funded

staff conservationists who provide technical assistance to ranchers.

U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC)

National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)

Pointe au Chien Oyster Restoration Project

NOAA’s Regional Coastal Resilience Grants program aided the Pointe au Chien Tribe in

creating an oyster shell living shoreline, a type of nature-based solution. The living shoreline

restores a section of coast and protects a culturally important site along Louisiana’s Gulf Coast

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from erosion due to wave action, tidal currents, and sea level rise. Several culturally important

Tribal earth mounds are located in the vicinity of the project site, which was actively eroding.

Many Tribal members make a living from fishing; therefore, a nature-based solutions approach

that improves local water quality and provides habitat for fish species is appealing. The area

historically supported oyster reefs as well, which have demonstrated effectiveness in stopping or

significantly reducing coastal erosion while improving water quality. Additionally, an oyster reef

living shoreline is less costly than conventional “hard” shoreline armoring techniques. Additional

benefits include improved habitat for fish, shellfish, and birds. The oyster restoration project,

installed in 2019, has reduced erosion and has withstood the impacts of multiple hurricanes. The

Tribe is pleased with the performance of the living shoreline and is looking to expand on this

method to protect other areas of their homeland.

Wetland Restoration for Ecosystem and Community Resilience in

He’eia O’ahu

On O’ahu’s Eastern Coast, 405 acres of wetlands and traditional Hawaiian agricultural practices

have been restored. These nature-based solutions were supported by NOAA funding,

administered by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) National Coastal Resilience

Fund. The project will reestablish ecological function in an area where eight streams once

converged and connected to the largest bay in the main Hawaiian Islands. The project aims to

minimize flood impacts, reduce sediment and nutrient runoff, create healthy habitat and fish

passage for marine and estuarine species, and serve as a source of cultural practice, food, and

clean water for the local community. Through the He’eia National Estuarine Research Reserve,

The Nature Conservancy, and relationships with partners with local and conventional

knowledge, the project is part of a decades-long effort. These partnership efforts ensure the work

is locally and culturally grounded and able to engage thousands of volunteers. The project team

developed a Before-After-Control-Impact monitoring approach to quantify the impacts of the

restoration activities on water and sediment flow, vegetation, and wildlife populations, allowing

for adaptive project management now and in the future.

U.S. Economic Development Administration (EDA)

EDA’s Economic Integrator Catalyzes Interagency Investments in San Diego

Nestled between Balboa Park and the San Diego International Airport, Maple Canyon is a unique

green space that buffers business with nature inside San Diego’s sprawling urban core. When

flooding hit the canyon in 2017, a vast ecosystem of interdependent commercial enterprises,

transportation networks, and natural habitats was impacted. A $6 million EDA grant to the city

of San Diego was matched with $6 million in local investment to support the final design,

permitting, easement acquisition, and construction of vital infrastructure needed to protect San

Diego businesses. The project includes innovative nature-based solutions including upstream

improvements to reduce runoff and debris deposited into the city’s stormwater infrastructure.

These investments also mitigate the impact of flooding on local industry while enhancing

outdoor recreation and economic development opportunities for the region. Thanks to the

cooperation of federal, state, and local agencies—working with private sector partners—nearly

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2,000 jobs dependent on the commercial-environmental ecosystem have been retained and an

important landscape in urban Southern California has been preserved.

U.S. Department of Defense (DOD)

Permeable Pavement and Rain Gardens for Stormwater Management

Permeable pavement was installed at Joint Base Lewis-McChord near Tacoma, Washington and

adjacent to Puget Sound. The use of roadside rain gardens and Eco-Priora permeable pavement

cleans and filters nearly 100% of stormwater runoff from one million square feet of surrounding

hardscape and reduces pollutants discharged into Puget Sound. Limiting runoff from the

installation allows Joint Base Lewis-McChord the flexibility to build and manage critical

impervious infrastructure as needed to support military operations, like the airfield. The project

also expanded a high traffic boulevard to make it more accessible and appealing to residents of

the installation. The use of permeable pavement for sidewalks reduces the amount of heat

absorbed by 35% and enabled the project to be constructed in winter when it is not feasible to

use asphalt. Wider, tree-lined sidewalks are also more appealing to the installation community

and visitors. Prioritizing stormwater filtration allowed for the installation to meet their goals of

accessibility improvement, livability improvement, and stormwater runoff management more

efficiently and sustainably.

MacDill Air Force Base (AFB) Shoreline Stabilization Project

MacDill AFB’s shoreline in Tampa, Florida suffered significant erosion that resulted in the loss

of shoreline and several native plant species, including century-old live oaks. It was estimated

the base was losing as much as one horizontal foot of shoreline annually. A multi-phase nature-

based solutions project is creating over 7,500 linear feet of oyster reefs, consisting of oyster shell

and concrete oyster domes, installed along the shoreline since 2003. The project has successfully

prevented erosion, attracted wildlife, and increased plant life. One oyster can filter up to five

gallons of water per hour, acting as a natural cleanser for the Tampa Bay and making the water

clearer and creating better habitat. The project is also cost-effective and is able to leverage

volunteer support, resulting in lower costs and enhanced community interest in shoreline

protection. Oyster reefs were chosen as the nature-based solution because they went beyond

erosion control to create habitats as a living shoreline. The reduced wave energy and

accumulated sediment encourages growth of native marsh grasses and mangroves, which further

stabilizes the shoreline, creates habitat, and improves the ecosystem.

Use of Farm Animals to Control Invasive Species

Two California-based AFBs (Beale and Travis) are using farm animals to rid base lands of non-

native invasive plants not easily managed by annual mowing. The effort is improving wildlife

habitat, saving money, and protecting military resources. Grazing leads to shorter grass than

mowing, improving habitat for federally-listed threatened species such as the California tiger

salamander. The shorter grass also substantially reduces fire risk. There are financial benefits as

well—the bases earn money from grazing leases while eliminating mowing costs and the need

for herbicides or machinery. This innovative nature-based solution was chosen because it was

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cost-effective and beneficial to both the installations and the community, including community

ranchers. Bases are saving money, reducing fire risk, and enhancing habitat for threatened and

endangered species, all while the community benefits from reduced fire risk, improved habitat,

and, for ranchers, access to additional pasture for the animals they lease to the bases.

U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE)

Restoration of Deer Island For Habitat and a Resilient Mississippi Sound

The Deer Island Restoration project aims to restore the 3.5-mile-long island off the coast of

Biloxi, Mississippi and to create long-term disposal capacity for material dredged from the

nearby Biloxi Harbor Navigation Project. Dredged material from a navigation channel in the

Biloxi Harbor was used at Deer Island to restore marsh, create habitat for terrestrial and aquatic

species, and increase resilience in the shoreline for future storm events. The project was

implemented using USACE’s Engineering with Nature principles and actively considered the

diverse needs of the community, including habitat health, water quality, safety, recreation, and

the economy. Additionally, the project reduces costs by limiting acquisition of new material and

the need for future dredging.

Santa Clara Pueblo Indigenous Knowledge in Action

USACE partnered with the Pueblo Tribal government and multiple federal agencies (e.g.,

FEMA, USDA, DOI, and EPA) to recover from the 2011 Las Conchas Wildfire and to reduce

future flood and disaster risk for local residents in the Santa Clara watershed. Indigenous

Knowledge was used to select culturally-appropriate approaches such as limiting access to sacred

spring locations and using locally available materials like tree transplants, logs, and other woody

and rock debris to construct control check dams at key locations in the watershed. Low-impact

nature-based solutions were prioritized to reduce the costs and impacts of greenhouse gas

emissions associated with using non-native techniques and materials. The solutions, informed by

Indigenous Knowledge, reduce flood risk, minimize disruption to fragile ecosystems, and protect

cultural resources and practices.

Constructing the Oro Loma Horizontal Levee on the South San Francisco

Bay Shoreline

In San Francisco Bay, nature-based solutions were constructed to filter wastewater, enhance the

resilience of the shoreline, mitigate flood risk from sea level rise, and improve water quality and

habitat for local animals and plants. A new wetland was constructed to serve as a horizontal

levee and was designed to dampen wave energy, reduce flood risk, and restore lost habitat. A wet

weather treatment basin uses vegetation and soils to help filter nutrients from wastewater through

biological uptake of nutrients as water flows through the horizontal levee. The use of nature-

based solutions provided a cost-effective means of maintaining the integrity of local waters by

refining partially treated wastewater. It also reduced flood risk by promoting a wetland as a

horizontal levee, leading to improved shoreline habitats that increase the resilience of coastal

communities.

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U.S. Department of Energy (DOE)

The Southern Appalachian Man and the Biosphere Cooperative

The Oak Ridge Reservation participates in the Southern Appalachian Man and the Biosphere

Cooperative, a collective of land management agencies, scientists, and Tribal leaders that

supports sustainability-focused decision-making in the Southern Appalachian region. The Oak

Ridge National Environmental Research Park engages in conservation efforts with the Eastern

Band of Cherokee Indians through the Cooperative. As part of the partnership, the Culturally

Significant Plant Species Initiative helps conserve plants within the Reservation that are

culturally significant for the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. The Laboratory also provides

expertise in regional natural resources, geographic information systems, data science, and

networking to plan the Extended Cultural Corridor, where natural area protection, set-asides, and

low-impact use are important components.

Revitalization of the Fernald Preserve in Hamilton, Ohio

DOE’s Office of Legacy Management manages the 1,050-acre Fernald Preserve, the habitat to

more than 245 species of birds and 100 nesting spots. Within the Preserve, the Office maintains

385 acres of grassland and a 7-mile network of trails, making the Preserve one of the largest

constructed wetland communities in Ohio. The main objectives in the Preserve are to maintain

and improve wetland, prairie, and forest habitats; increase wildlife diversity; improve

opportunities for birding; and to educate the public on successful ecological restoration. The

Preserve is the site of a former World War II facility that once produced high-purity uranium for

nuclear weapons. The Visitors Center, once a warehouse, is Ohio’s first Leadership in Energy

and Environmental Design (LEED) Platinum facility and includes a ground source

heating/cooling system. The restoration of the site improves the natural quality and

environmental health of the community and provides educational and recreational opportunities

to the general public.

U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD)

Rebuilding Oysters for “The Town the Oyster Built”

The Staten Island community of Tottenville, historically known as “The Town the Oyster Built,”

was once protected by a series of oyster reefs, which in turn supported a robust oyster farming

industry. Siltation, overharvesting, channel dredging, and human pathogens in the water resulted

in the reefs’ collapse. To build coastal resilience and revive the oyster reefs, the community

received $60 million in Community Development Block Grant—Disaster Recovery funding to

construct 2,400 feet of nature-based solutions including near-shore breakwaters, partially

submerged stone, and ecologically enhanced concrete structures. These features will dampen

waves, reduce and reverse erosion, and provide habitats for oysters, tin fish, and other marine

species. These structures form a barrier that protects the existing oyster reefs from storm surge,

allowing them to grow and expand. Expanding the oyster reefs increases biodiversity and

improves water quality as oysters filter water. In contrast to hard infrastructure like flood walls

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and dikes, which displace rising water to nearby vulnerable areas, the project’s necklace of

breakwaters with oyster reefs and other marine habitats slows water movement (rather than

redirect) and mitigates storm surges. The structures and reef area also provide educational and

recreational opportunities. Partners have developed a Living Breakwaters curriculum for students

in 6-8

grade science classes, and the project is seen as a model for community engagement and

climate-adaptive green infrastructure. It won both the HUD Rebuild by Design competition in

June 2014 and National Planning Achievement Award for Environmental Planning and is

featured often in the media.

Recreation and Flood Management Through Liberty Green Park

In Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, the Housing Authority of the City of Pittsburgh used a $30 million

Choice Neighborhoods grant to transform 14,500 square feet of underutilized land into Liberty

Green Park. This greenspace was built to reduce flooding and provide recreation and gathering

space for the community. Local community members had long advocated for a safe, high-quality

recreational area after suffering from flash floods. The park is located on a plateau, which slopes

down to busy nearby thoroughfares where community members have drowned during past flood

events. To mitigate flood risk, the park contains a system of green infrastructure with native

plants, newly planted trees, and bioswales that absorb 4.5 million gallons of water from the park

and surrounding streets. This reduces flooding and slows rainwater such that sewage and

roadway toxins do not flow into nearby rivers. The park contains grass-topped play mounds and

is called a “super-playground,” as it contains the largest play area in Pittsburgh and provides

high-quality recreation to local neighborhoods. The park is a great example of how the Choice

Neighborhoods program invests in comprehensive neighborhood improvements rather than just

brick and mortar housing rehabilitation. It is also an example of how the program effectively

integrates community feedback in planning, design, and construction.

U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)

Stormwater Management and Recreation: Mirabeau Water Garden

In New Orleans, Louisiana, a FEMA Hazard Mitigation grant funded the construction of the

Mirabeau Water Garden in the Gentilly neighborhood. This urban stormwater park mitigates

flooding while providing additional benefits to the community, which has a high social

vulnerability

and is located entirely below sea level. This stormwater park integrates

bioretention with native vegetation to capture, store, and filter stormwater, thereby reducing

flooding and preventing land subsidence. The park has a water storage capacity of over 11

million gallons and should result in a 50 – 60% reduction in flood damages from a 2-year storm

event and 30 – 40% reduction in damages from a 10-year storm event. The flood reduction

Social vulnerability is the “susceptibility of social groups to the adverse impacts of natural hazards, including

disproportionate death, injury, loss, or disruption of livelihood”. More information can be found at

https://hazards.fema.gov/nri/social-vulnerability.

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benefits have been calculated at nearly double the value of federal investment. The park features

recreation, health, and natural education amenities for the whole community to enjoy; reduces

the burden of flood control on local gray infrastructure; protects local homes; reduces heat stress;

and provides greenhouse gas mitigation benefits. The use of nature-based solutions also aligns

with the values of the community partners who donated the land for the park.

Nature-Based Mitigation to Adapt in an Era of Megafires

In Sonoma County, California, a FEMA Building Resilient Infrastructure and Communities grant

is supporting three pilot projects across 5,400 acres of the county to increase wildfire resilience.

The nature-based solutions in this project expand on a set of conventional approaches like fuel

reduction, building material choices, and preparedness and response planning typically applied at

a neighborhood or town scale. It combines outreach and engagement with individual property

owners to develop and implement a nature-based, landscape-scale approach to vegetation

management and fire fuel reduction. This includes trimming undergrowth, fuels reduction for

safe ingress and egress of emergency vehicles, and the creation of shaded green belts to serve as

fire breaks. The project will apply an innovative systems approach of “Inside-out, Outside-In”

that defines an inner core where property owners create and maintain defensible space and an

outer vegetated buffer to reduce the risk of catastrophic wildfire losses in the Wildland Urban

Interface through prevention and suppression. It is estimated that nearly 6,500 structures could

be protected across Sonoma County through this project, which is piloting a comprehensive,

holistic, landscape-scale approach that could be scaled into other high wildfire-risk areas.

Protecting Puerto Rico’s Rebuilt Roads with Nature-Based Solutions

In Puerto Rico, FEMA is working with the Puerto Rico Department of Transportation and Public

Works to enhance road resilience in the wake of Hurricane Maria. Using Public Assistance

mitigation funding, Vetiver grass, a non-invasive species, was planted alongside some of the

damaged roads across Puerto Rico to stabilize adjacent slopes and provide protection from future

erosion and landslides. FEMA staff created a template for this type of mitigation project to be

easily replicated for other damaged roads across the island. This nature-based solution was used

as an alternative to retaining walls, gabion baskets, and other conventional “gray infrastructure”

and provides environmental benefits, including water quality improvement and erosion control.

Cost-effective disaster resilience measures enable future risk reduction without large investments

from communities that lack time, money, or capacity for other projects. This nature-based

solution offers a relatively easy solution to mitigate road damage from natural disasters and

provides a cost-effective alternative to a conventional hard infrastructure solution for erosion

control that can be scaled across the Caribbean and in other flood-prone areas of the United

States.

U.S. Coast Guard (USCG)

Incorporating nature-based solutions into the USCG Headquarters

The USCG headquarters complex was the first phase of a broader consolidation of the DHS

headquarters at St. Elizabeth’s West Campus. A number of nature-based solutions were deployed

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

in the construction of the complex, including green roofs, bioswales, rain gardens, wetland

shelves with a large retention pond, and the replication of local ecosystems through constructed

soils and native plant palettes. The USCG notes several environmental and social benefits that

informed its use of nature-based solutions in the headquarters' design, including increased

biodiversity with woody shrubs and tree planting; reduced heat island effect by upwards of 15-

degrees Fahrenheit; conservation of nearly 520,000 gallons of potable water from the District of

Columbia reservoir; a 400% increase in carbon sequestration; and increased worker satisfaction

for individuals working in the complex.

U.S. Department of the Interior (DOI)

U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS)

Delaware River Basin Restoration Program

In 2016, Congress authorized the Delaware River Basin Restoration Program, implemented by

FWS, to advance collaborative partner conservation to support the Delaware River and its

watershed. The Program provides funding for individual projects with a focus on reducing

flooding and runoff, restoring fish and wildlife habitats, improving water quality, and enhancing

public recreational access. As a pilot for increasing equity, the projects also address racial and

economic disparities in access to nature and conservation outcomes by ensuring that 47 percent

of these projects will impact a community in which residents have been denied access to natural

resources in the past. In just five years, the Program has become a model for voluntary,

incentive-driven approaches to landscape conservation that builds upon and strengthens existing

partnerships. In recognition of the Program’s success, the Bipartisan Infrastructure Law provided

another $26 million to FWS available over five years for implementation of the Delaware River

Basin Restoration Program. In 2022, the program expects to fund 12 additional projects totaling

$4.7 million and leverage an approximately equal amount of matching funds. These projects will

support innovative uses of nature-based solutions to improve wildlife habitat, sustain ecological

functions in the face of climate change, and directly engage communities.

U.S. Geological Survey (USGS)

Restoration Collaborative Rehydrates Arid Landscapes and Conserves

Biodiversity

The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) is working with a bi-national, community-based

collaboration of government and non-governmental organizations, private landowners, ranchers,

students, volunteers, scientists, and land managers to improve restoration outcomes across the

Madrean Sky Islands. This is a 56-million acre mountainous, pine-oak woodland region

stretching across the border between Arizona and Mexico. The disadvantaged “Colonias”

neighborhoods within 150 miles of the US-Mexico border have inadequate housing, lack sewer

and water infrastructure, and subsist on below average household incomes. The USGS

investigated the restoration benefits of low-cost, low-tech, rock detention structures installed in

dryland streams. Rock detention structures, as well as beaver dams, are nature-based solutions

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

that can restore natural watershed dynamics and nutrient cycles in arid ecosystems, creating and

restoring wetland-like environments. Such examples of Natural Infrastructure in Dryland

Streams (NIDS) have been shown to provide flood regulation, new and restored habitat, stream

flow regulation, water purification, erosion control, groundwater recharge, and carbon

sequestration and storage. NIDS also supports adaptation to and protection from climate-related

disturbances and stressors such as drought, water shortages, flooding, heatwaves, dust storms,

wildfire, and biodiversity losses, while also addressing aspects of food and water insecurity.

Wildfire and Climate Resilience on the San Carlos Apache Reservation

USGS is working with the San Carlos Apache Tribe (SCAT) to identify parts of the SCAT

reservation more vulnerable to wildfire. The collaboration has worked to identify restoration

activities to improve climate resilience. The USGS used satellite imagery and watershed

modelling to help the Tribe’s natural resource managers prioritize areas for firebreak and water

detention installations along large rivers. The results have demonstrated that such nature-based

solutions can boost resilience to wildfire by increasing water availability and reducing water

stress, while also preventing post-fire flooding and erosion. The Forest Resources Department

within the San Carlos Apache Tribe is engaged in preventative thinning of vegetation and

resource-benefit burns, which USGS has also shown to reduce wildfire intensity. The USFS is

now using this guidance to consider expanding similar nature-based practices to Ancestral Lands

in collaboration with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA).

U.S. Department of Transportation (DOT)

Federal Highway Administration (FHWA)

Building Nature-based Resilience for Coastal Highways through Federal and

State Partnerships

FHWA sponsored a pilot project with the Delaware Department of Transportation to increase the

resilience of coastal highways using nature-based solutions. The project focused on State Route

1, a 17-mile stretch of highway already experiencing flooding and erosion due to sea level rise.

The Delaware Center for the Inland Bays worked with private designers and contractors to

complete a resilience project that included nature-based solutions: a living shoreline, upgraded

storm drain outfalls, and a permeable pavement installation. These nature-based solutions

reinforced one of Delaware’s major transportation arteries, protecting both critical transportation

infrastructure and the drivers who use State Route 1. The FHWA has also scaled up work on

nature-based solutions through strategic partnerships with federal and state agencies to sponsor

and promote additional research and technical information. A FHWA partnership with NOAA on

the Effects of Sea Level Rise Program couples the best coastal science on nature-based solutions

with the best science on pavement deterioration from inundation and assesses the effectiveness

of coastal nature-based solutions on increasing resilience for highway pavements. This

partnership improves the understanding of how nature-based solutions can be deployed to protect

critical transportation infrastructure and the drivers who use it.

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Engaging Students with the Campus RainWorks Challenge

Since 2011, the Campus RainWorks Challenge, a green infrastructure design competition, has

sought to engage young environmental professionals at American colleges and universities by

promoting and showcasing innovative stormwater management techniques and the benefits of

green infrastructure. Green infrastructure practices advanced by the Campus RainWorks

Challenge have included green roofs, permeable materials, tree plantings, restored habitat areas,

rain gardens, and rain harvesting systems. Beyond water quality benefits, these solutions provide

benefits including climate resilience, greenhouse gas sequestration, water conservation, reduction

of heat island effects, and the beautification of campus landscapes. The competition has engaged

over 800 multi-disciplinary teams from over 270 colleges and universities to foster collaboration

and, in some cases, implement real design changes to campuses that improve community access

to green space. For example, in 2020, a team from the University of Pennsylvania proposed a

design for greenspace which included raised garden beds and an outdoor classroom that was

constructed at a West Philadelphia elementary school.

Greening America’s Communities

The Greening America’s Communities program provides design assistance to communities

wanting to use nature-based solutions to develop a vision for neighborhood design that protects

the environment, public health, and the economy while inspiring changes to better support

sustainable growth. Since 2010, the program has assisted 41 communities in funding nature-

based solutions, including nearly $1 million spent on green street improvements that spurred

downtown redevelopment in Lincoln, Nebraska and $1.3 million invested in transforming

blighted areas of Selma, Alabama into the urban Montgomery Trail. Frankfort, Kentucky is

coupling a $1.5 million Greening America’s Communities grant with an $8 million TIGER grant

from DOT to invest in green infrastructure. Austin, Texas will invest $2 billion over the next 15

years in nature-based solutions around the city. The nature-based solutions invested in through

the Greening America’s Communities program include rain gardens, shade trees, permeable

paving, and other green street designs that support all modes of transportation. This program

boosts local economies and resilience to climate change while reducing stormwater runoff and

heat island effects.

San Francisco National Estuaries Program: Transforming Shorelines

In the San Francisco Bay Area, Transforming Shorelines is a project that is advancing nature-

based solutions and building capacity for innovative approaches linked to wastewater treatment

as a way to create resilience to sea level rise. Wastewater treatment plants, typically built at the

bottom of watersheds to allow gravity to bring in the influent, are at extreme risk of sea level rise

and are facing potential nutrient pollution caps on their discharges under the Clean Water Act. In

the San Francisco Bay Area, the wastewater treatment sector as a whole has collectively invested

in data gathering to maximize investment in nutrient control technologies and invested in

innovative approaches to attempt to build horizontal levees on the shorelines in front of their

systems to provide flood protection, habitat restoration, and nutrient removal through subsurface

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

discharges. This effort has created a forum for practitioners and experts on nature-based

solutions, including representatives from wastewater treatment, resiliency and nutrient managers,

regulators, and experts involved in habitat restoration. Project partners are supporting permit

applications for the first full-scale application of a multi-benefit vegetated levee receiving

nitrified secondary-treated wastewater in the City of Hayward. Project partners with the City of

San Leandro are preparing designs, permit applications, and environmental documentation for

the restoration of a 4.3-acre wastewater storage basin to create a multi-benefit treatment wetland.

They are also developing a community-based shoreline resilience and tidal marsh restoration

vision for the surrounding area.

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Current Federal Resources, Tools, Guidance,

and Technical Assistance

Through a call to agencies, a wide range of current federal resources on nature-based solutions,

developed by federal agencies, entities, and their collaborators, were identified and categorized

by the benefits addressed and by resource type (Table 1). Inclusion of these resources does not

signify endorsement of the product, but agencies and partners are encouraged to consider them as

potential tools. Each federal resource was identified as a form of knowledge, guidance, tools,

and/or technical assistance.

• Knowledge resources provide summaries of the current scientific understanding of nature-

based solutions and their benefits.

• Guidance resources provide specific information on how to design and execute nature-

based solutions projects.

• Tools are any interactive media used for the advancement of nature-based solutions projects.

• Technical assistance resources help work through administrative and technical aspects of

nature-based solution projects, including permitting and funding applications.

Based on the resource review (Figure 1), most existing resources provide general knowledge like

case studies and process overviews. Fewer resources provide the tools, guidance, and technical

assistance needed for implementation. Most of the available federal resources address risk

reduction and resilience, with a primary focus on coastal flooding. Gaps remain for other

increasingly frequent catastrophic events (e.g., inland flooding, fire, drought, extreme heat).

Figure 1. Summary of federal resources available to support the use

of nature-based solutions for several benefits.

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Table 1. Current federal resources on nature-based solutions, categorized by their

resource type and stated benefit(s)

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

AmeriCorps

Impact Evaluation on EarthCorps

Restoration Methods

Knowledge

Jobs, Water, Nature

AmeriCorps

Impact Evaluation on WA

Conservation Corps Restoration

Methods

Knowledge

Nature

CEQ/GSA

Supporting the Health of Honey

Bees and Other Pollinators

Knowledge,

Guidance

Community Development, Food, Nature

Cities of Service/AmeriCorps

What Does Effective Engagement

Look Like? Lessons from

Resilience AmeriCorps

Knowledge

Jobs, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat Risk

Reduction, Adaptation, Resilience,

Community Development, Water

DHS (FEMA)

Building Community Resilience

with Nature-Based Solutions: A

Guide for Local Communities

Guidance

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Community Development, Water,

Recreation, Health, Nature

DHS (FEMA)

Compiled Resources on Future

Conditions and Nature-based

Solutions, Including from NOAA

and EPA

Knowledge

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Community Development, Water,

Recreation, Health, Nature

DHS (FEMA)

Nature-based Solutions Website

Knowledge,

Guidance

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Adaptation, Resilience

DOC (NOAA)

Coastal County Snapshots

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

Coastal Flood Exposure Mapper

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Equity, Water, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Coral reef restoration monitoring

guide: Methods to evaluate

restoration success from local to

ecosystem scales

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Recreation,

Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Digital Coast Peer to Peer Case

Studies

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Equity, Community Development, Water

DOC (NOAA)

Economic Guidance for Coastal

Management Professionals

Tools, Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Adaptation, Resilience, Equity,

Community Development, Water, Food &

Products, Recreation, Health

DOC (NOAA)

Economic Valuation of Shoreline

Protection within the Jacques

Cousteau National Estuarine

Research Reserve

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOC (NOAA)

Economic Valuation Self-Guided

Module and Associated guidance

documents

Knowledge,

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Adaptation, Resilience, Equity,

Community Development, Water, Food &

Products, Recreation, Health

DOC (NOAA)

Fast Facts on Natural Infrastructure

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Water

DOC (NOAA)

Funding and Financing Coastal

Resilience Webinars

Knowledge,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

Funding and Financing: Options

and Considerations for Coastal

Resilience Projects

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Green Infrastructure Effectiveness

Database

Tools,

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Water, Food &

Products

DOC (NOAA)

Green Infrastructure Mapping

Guide

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Water

DOC (NOAA)

Green Infrastructure Options to

Reduce Flooding

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Water,

Recreation, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOC (NOAA)

Guidance for Considering the Use

of Living Shorelines

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

How to Map Open Space for

Community Rating System Credit

Knowledge,

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

NOAA Restoration Center:

Monitoring and Evaluation for

Restoration Projects

Providing Technical Support for

Habitat Restoration Efforts

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Water

DOC (NOAA)

Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal

Hazards

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal

Hazards: The Basics

Knowledge,

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water,

Recreation, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Nature-Based Solutions: Benefits,

Costs, and Economic Assessments

Knowledge,

Guidance

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Water, Recreation,

Health, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

NOAA Living Shorelines Project

Map

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Oyster Reef Habitat Conservation

Guidance, Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOC (NOAA)

Planning for Sea Level Rise in the

Northeast: Considerations for the

Implementation of Tidal Wetlands

Habitat Restoration Projects;

workshop report

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Recreation,

Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Science-Based Restoration

Monitoring of Coastal Habitat

Volume 1 (2003): Framework for

Monitoring Plans Under the

Estuaries and Clean Water Act of

2000

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Food &

Products, Recreation, Nature

DOC (NOAA)

Science-Based Restoration

Monitoring of Coastal Habitat

Volume 2 (2005): Tools for

Monitoring Coastal Habitats

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

Sea Level Rise Viewer Marsh

Migration Data

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOC (NOAA)

Restoration Atlas

Tools

Nature

DOC (NOAA)/EPA

Coastal & Waterfront Smart

Growth

Knowledge,

Tools

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Community

Development, Water, Food & Products,

Recreation, Health, Nature

DOC (NOAA)/DOI (USGS,

FWS)

Federal Interagency Nature‐like

Fishway Passage Design Guidelines

for Atlantic Coast Diadromous

Fishes

Guidance

Jobs, Food & Products, Recreation, Nature

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOD

Highlights and Examples for the

Department of Defense Climate

Adaptation Plan

Knowledge

Fire Risk Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience

DOD

Readiness and Environmental

Protection Integration Program

(REPI) Climate Resilience

Resource Library

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Fire Risk Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Nature

DOD

Building Resilience to Climate

Change Through Off-Base Natural

Infrastructure Solutions: A REPI

guide for installations and partners

Guidance, Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Nature

DOD (USACE)

Engineering with Nature:

Supporting Mission resilience and

infrastructure value at Department

of Defense installations

Knowledge

Infrastructure Resilience, Nature

DOD (USACE)

Engineering with Nature: An Atlas

Series (Volumes 1 and 2)

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk

Reduction, Coastal Flood Reduction,

Inland Flood Reduction, Heat Risk

Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Community

Development, Water, Food & Products,

Recreation, Health, Nature

DOD (USACE)

Flood Plain Management Services

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOD (USACE)

Natural Infrastructure Opportunities

Tool

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Adaptation, Resilience, Water, Nature

DOD (USACE)

Planning Assistance to States, U.S.

Army Corps of Engineers, New

England District

Technical

Assistance

Drought Risk Reduction, Water

DOD (USACE)

Use of Natural and Nature-based

Features (NNBF) for Coastal

Resilience

Knowledge,

Guidance

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk

Reduction, Coastal Flood Reduction,

Inland Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Community Development,

Water, Food & Products, Recreation,

Nature

DOD (USACE)

USACE Sand Availability and

Needs Determination (SAND)

Knowledge

Jobs, Coastal Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Recreation,

Nature

DOD (USACE)/ DOI(USGS)

(with the State of Alabama)

Alabama Barrier Island Restoration

Assessment

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Health, Nature

DOE

Energy Communities IWG

Technical

Assistance

Jobs, Equity, Community Development

DOI

Office of Insular Affairs Technical

Assistance Program

Technical

Assistance

Infrastructure Resilience, Adaptation,

Resilience, Community Development,

Nature

DOI (BIA)

Tribal Climate Resilience

Technical

Assistance

Adaptation, Resilience

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (BOEM)

BOEM Marine Minerals

Information Systems (MMIS)

Knowledge,

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Nature

DOI (BOEM)

Fact Sheet: Marine Minerals

Information System (MMIS)

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Nature

DOI (BOEM)

BOEM Marine Minerals Overview

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Water, Nature

DOI (BOEM)

BOEM Marine Minerals Program

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (BOEM)

Marine Mineral Studies

Knowledge

Health, Nature

DOI (BOEM)

Economic and Geomorphic

Comparison of OCS and Nearshore

Sand for Coastal Restoration

Projects

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (FWS)

The Beaver Restoration Guidebook

Knowledge,

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Inland Flood

Reduction, Fire Risk Reduction, Nature

DOI (FWS)

Biological Carbon Sequestration

Accomplishments Report

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Resilience, Nature

DOI (FWS)

Coastal Program

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Resilience, Nature

DOI (FWS)

Culvert Design Guidelines for

Ecological Function

Knowledge,

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Inland Flood

Reduction, Nature

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NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (FWS)

Farm Bill Conservation Programs

Brochure

Knowledge,

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Drought Risk

Reduction, Resilience, Food & Products,

Nature

DOI (FWS)

National Fish Passage Program

Technical

Assistance

Nature

DOI (FWS)

Partners for Fish and Wildlife

Program

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Resilience, Nature

DOI (FWS)

USFWS Pollinator Initiative

Guidance

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Drought Risk Reduction, Resilience, Food

& Products, Nature

DOI (FWS)

Urban Wildlife Conservation

Program

Knowledge,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Equity, Food & Products, Recreation,

Health, Nature

DOI (FWS)

Salt Marsh Sediment Augmentation

to combat sea-level rise

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (FWS, USGS)

Report: Impacts of Sediment

Removal from and Placement in

Coastal Barrier Island Systems

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (NPS)

Coastal Adaptation Strategies

Handbook

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

DOI (NPS)

Fire Island National Seashore

Breach Management Plan/EIS

Knowledge

Equity, Water, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (NPS)

National Park Service Beach

Nourishment Guidance

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Recreation, Nature

DOI (NPS)

Northeast Coastal and Barrier

Network Geomorphological

Monitoring Protocol

Guidance

Nature

DOI (NPS)

Planning Tools for Green

Infrastructure

Guidance, Tools

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Water, Nature

DOI (NPS)

Planning for a changing climate

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

DOI (USGS)

A geological perspective on the

degradation and conservation of

western Atlantic coral reefs

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Ancient Methods of Preventing

Desertification and Recovering

from Drought

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Drought Risk Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Water, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Biological Carbon Sequestration

(Western U.S.)

Biological Carbon Sequestration

(Eastern U.S.)

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation

DOI (USGS)

Coastal Storms - Prediction of

Flooding Now and Into the Future

Tools

Jobs, Coastal Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (USGS)

Coastal Wetlands Synthesis

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Estuary Restoration and

Wildlife/Carbon Storage Co-

Benefits

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Evaluating tidal saline wetland

migration along the U.S. Gulf of

Mexico coast under alternative sea-

level rise and urbanization

scenarios

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

DOI (USGS)

USGS Coastal Change Hazards

Portal

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

U.S. Geological Survey monitor

barrier islands

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Green infrastructure in the Great

Lakes

Knowledge,

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Green Infrastructure Projects

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Inland Flood Reduction, Drought Risk

Reduction, Adaptation, Resilience, Water,

Health, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Green Stormwater Infrastructure to

Reduce Suburban Runoff

Knowledge

Inland Flood Reduction, Adaptation,

Resilience, Water, Health, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Hazards Exposure and Reporting

Analytics

Guidance, Tools

Inland Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Equity, Community

Development, Water, Recreation, Health,

Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (USGS)

Impacts of Sediment Removal from

and Placement in Coastal Barrier

Island Systems

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Improving Wildlife Habitat by

Restoring Wetland Invertebrates

Knowledge

Nature

DOI (USGS)

Assessing pollinator habitat

services to optimize conservation

programs

Knowledge

Food & Products, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Marshes and Mangroves as Nature-

Based Coastal Storm Buffers

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOI (USGS)

National Assessment of Geologic

Carbon Dioxide Storage

Resources—Results

Knowledge,

Guidance

Climate Mitigation

DOI (USGS)

National Climate Change Viewer

Knowledge,

Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Water, Food & Products, Recreation,

Health, Nature

DOI (USGS)

National Shoreline Change -

Exploring Shoreline Positions of

the United States From the 1800s

To the Present

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOI (USGS)

Natural Infrastructure to Enhance

Fire and Climate Resilience in

Tribal Lands and Watersheds

Knowledge

Fire Risk Reduction, Adaptation,

Resilience, Water, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Natural Infrastructure in Dryland

Streams to Reverse Desertification

Knowledge

Drought Risk Reduction, Equity, Water,

Health

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (USGS)

Natural Solutions to Ecological and

Economic Problems Caused by

Extreme Precipitation Events

Knowledge

Inland Flood Reduction, Adaptation,

Resilience, Water

DOI (USGS)

Protected Areas Database of the

United States (PAD-US)

Knowledge,

Tools

Jobs, Recreation, Health, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Real-time Forecasts of Coastal

Change

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction

DOI (USGS)

Rigorously Valuing the Potential

Coastal Hazard Risk Reduction

Provided by Coral Reef Restoration

in Florida and Puerto Rico

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Sea-Level Change: An Interactive

Guide to Global and Regional Sea

Level Rise Scenarios for the United

States

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

The Role of U.S. Coral Reefs in

Coastal Protection

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Reducing Urban Heat with Tree

Canopy

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Adaptation,

Resilience, Equity, Health

DOI (USGS)

Restoration of Freshwater Mussels

to Improve Water Quality

Knowledge

Water, Health, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Restoring America’s Sagebrush

Biome

Knowledge,

Guidance

Adaptation, Resilience, Recreation, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Restoring Coastal Wetlands to

Enhance Climate Change

Mitigation

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

DOI (USGS)

River Restoration to Mitigate

Shoreline Erosion

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Jobs, Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland

Flood Reduction, Water, Health, Food &

Products, Nature

DOI (USGS)

Traditional Landscape Management

Contributes to Wildfire Resilience

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Nature

DOI (USGS)

U.S Geological Survey Wildland

Fire Science Strategic Plan

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction

DOI (USGS)

USGS Integrated Drought Science

Knowledge,

Tools

Drought Risk Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Water

DOI (USGS, FWS)

Monitoring Habitat Restoration

Projects: U.S. Fish and Wildlife

Pacific Region Partners for Fish

and Wildlife Program and Coastal

Program Protocol

Guidance

Nature

DOT (FHWA)

White Paper: Nature‐Based

Solutions for Coastal Highway

Resilience

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

DOT (FHWA)

Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal

Highway Resilience: An

Implementation Guide

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

DOT (FHWA)

Case Studies in Realizing Co-

Benefits of Multimodal Roadway

Design and Gray and Green

Infrastructure

Knowledge

Inland Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Water, Recreation, Health

DOT (FHWA)

Peer Exchange Summary Report -

Nature-Based Solutions for Coastal

Highway Resilience

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

EPA

Brownfields Technical Assistance,

Training, and Research

Technical

Assistance

Equity, Community Development,

Recreation, Health, Nature

EPA

Build Green Infrastructure

Guidance, Tools

Climate Mitigation, Inland Flood

Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Water, Nature

EPA

Clearinghouse for Environmental

Finance

Tools

Adaptation, Resilience, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

EPA

Community-Based Public-Private

Partnerships and Alternative

Market-Based Tools for Integrated

Green Stormwater Infrastructure:

Guide for Local Governments

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA

Drinking Water State Revolving

Fund Eligibility Handbook

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA

Financing Alternatives Comparison

Tool

Tools

Water

EPA

Financing Options for

Nontraditional Eligibilities in the

Clean Water State Revolving Fund

Program

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA

Getting to Green: Paying for Green

Infrastructure, Finance Options and

Resources for Local Decision-

Makers

Guidance

Inland Flood Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Water

EPA

EPA Green Infrastructure

Resources

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools,

Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Community

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

Technical

Assistance

Development, Water, Recreation, Health,

Nature

EPA

Green Infrastructure Funding

Opportunities

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA

Green Infrastructure Modeling

Toolkit:

Storm Water Management Model;

National Stormwater Calculator;

Green Infrastructure Wizard;

Watershed Management

Optimization Support Tool;

Visualizing Ecosystems for Land

Management Assessment Model;

Green Infrastructure Flexible

Model; Community-enabled

Lifecycle Analysis of Stormwater

Infrastructure Cost Tool; and

Integrated Decision Support Tool

Tools

Inland Flood Reduction, Adaptation,

Resilience, Water, Health, Nature

EPA

Financing Green Infrastructure: A

Best Practices Guide for the Clean

Water State Revolving Fund

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA

Including Watershed Planning and

Green Infrastructure into State

Hazard Mitigation Plans

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Water, Recreation

EPA

Overview of Clean Water State

Revolving Fund Eligibilities

Guidance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

EPA

Tools, Strategies and Lessons

Learned from EPA Green

Infrastructure Technical Assistance

Projects

Knowledge,

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Adaptation,

Resilience, Infrastructure Resilience,

Community Development, Water, Health

EPA

Water Infrastructure and Resiliency

Finance Center

Tools, Technical

Assistance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water

EPA/ DOC (NOAA)

Green Infrastructure for Coral

Conservation

Knowledge

Water, Recreation, Nature

GSA

Facilities Standards for the Public

Buildings Service (P100)

Knowledge,

Technical

Assistance

Infrastructure Resilience, Water, Nature

GSA

Planted Roofs

Knowledge

Heat Risk Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Equity, Health, Water, Nature

HUD

HUD Climate Resilience

Implementation Guide – Nature-

based Solutions

Guidance

Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk Reduction,

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Equity, Community Development,

Recreation, Health

HUD

HUD Community Resilience

Toolkit

Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Community

Development

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

HUD

Green Infrastructure and the

Sustainable Communities Initiative

Knowledge

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Community

Development, Water, Recreation, Health,

Nature

NFWF/ DOC (NOAA)

Coastal Resilience Evaluation and

Siting Tool (CREST)

Tools

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

NFWF/ DOC (NOAA)

Regional Coastal Resilience

Assessments

Knowledge

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

NFWF/ DOC (NOAA)

Targeted Watershed Assessments

Knowledge

Inland Flood Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Nature

OSTP (U.S. Global Change

Research Program)

Climate Resilience Toolkit

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction, Heat

Risk Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Equity, Water, Food & Products,

Recreation, Health, Nature

OSTP (U.S. Global Change

Research Program)

Second State of the Carbon Cycle

Report, Chapter 15 Tidal Wetlands

and Estuaries

Knowledge

Climate Mitigation, Nature

OSTP (National Science and

Technology Council)

Research Needs for Coastal Green

Infrastructure

Knowledge

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Coastal Flood

Reduction, Inland Flood Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience, Water,

Recreation, Health, Nature

Plant Conservation Alliance

Federal Committee (12

Federal Agencies)

National Seed Strategy

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Climate, Mitigation, Drought Risk

Reduction, Fire Risk Reduction, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

USDA

Adaptation Resources for

Agriculture

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Adaptation, Resilience, Food & Products

USDA

Adaptation Resources for

Agriculture: Case Studies using the

Adaptation Workbook

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Adaptation, Resilience, Food & Products

USDA

After Fire: Toolkit for the

Southwest

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Fire Risk Reduction, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

USDA

Air and Water Database

Tools

Water, Food & Products, Nature

USDA

Climate Adaptation Actions for

Urban Forests and Human Health

Knowledge,

Guidance

Fire Risk Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Equity, Health, Nature

USDA

Climate Adaptation Tools for

Wetland Conservation and

Management

Guidance,

Technical

Assistance

Drought Risk Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Water, Nature

USDA

Climate Quick Reference Guides

Knowledge,

Tools

Food & Products, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

USDA

Conservation Technical Assistance

Program

Technical

Assistance

Climate Mitigation, Food & Products,

Nature

USDA

Conservation Concerns Tool

Tools

Equity, Food & Products, Nature

USDA

NRCS Field Office Technical

Guide

Guidance

Food & Products, Nature

USDA

A Guide to USDA Resources for

Historically Underserved Farmers

and Ranchers

Guidance

Equity, Food & Products, Nature

USDA

Hurricane Preparation and

Recovery Commodity Guides

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Water, Food & Products

USDA

Identification, Mitigation, and

Adaptation to Salinization on

Working Lands in the U.S.

Southeast

Knowledge,

Technical

Assistance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Food & Products

USDA

National Water and Climate Center:

Water and Climate Information

System

Tools

Adaptation, Resilience, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

USDA

Native Plants for Coastal Dune

Restoration: What When and How

for Florida

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

USDA

Plant Materials Technical Note:

Coastal Shoreline and Dune

Restoration

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

USDA

Plants for Coastal and Shoreline

Protection and Restoration

Knowledge,

Guidance

Coastal Flood Reduction, Nature

USDA

Plant List of Attributes, Names,

Taxonomy, and Symbols (PLANTS

Database)

Tools

Food & Products, Nature

USDA

2022 Strategic Pollinator Priorities

Report

Knowledge

Equity, Food & Products, Nature

USDA

Win-PST (Windows-based

Pesticide Screening Tool)

Tools

Water, Food & Products, Health, Nature

USDA

Wind Erosion Prediction System

(WEPS)

Tools

Food & Products, Nature

USDA

Water Erosion Prediction Project

(WEPP)

Tools

Inland Flood Reduction, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

USDA

Water Quality Index (WQI)

Tools

Water, Food & Products, Nature

USDA (and non-federal

partners)

Conservation Webinar Portal

Technical

Assistance

Jobs, Climate Mitigation, Fire Risk

Reduction, Drought Risk Reduction,

Water, Food & Products, Health, Nature

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

USDA (and non-federal

partners)

Grass-Cast

Tools

Drought Risk Reduction, Food &

Products, Nature

USDA (and non-federal

partners)

Rangeland Hydrologic Erosion

Model (RHEM)

Tools

Inland Flood Reduction, Water, Food &

Products, Nature

USDA (and Colorado State

University)

COMET-Farm

COMET-Planner

Tools

Climate Mitigation, Food & Products,

Nature

USDA (and New Mexico State

University)

Ecosystem Dynamics Interpretive

Tool

Tools

Food & Products, Nature

USDA (and University of

California - Davis)

Soil Survey Web Tool

Tools

Nature

USDA (USFS)

Climate Change Resource Center:

Tools

CCRC: Compendium of Adaptation

Approaches

Guidance, Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Inland Flood

Reduction, Heat Risk Reduction, Drought

Risk Reduction, Infrastructure Resilience,

Water, Food & Products, Recreation,

Health, Nature

USDA (USFS)

Forest Adaptation Resources

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Fire Risk Reduction, Infrastructure

Resilience, Nature

USDA (USFS)

Forest Management Handbook for

Small-Parcel Landowners in The

Sierra Nevada and Southern

Cascade Range

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools,

Technical

Assistance

Adaptation, Resilience, Food & Products,

Nature

USDA (USFS) (and non-

Federal partners)

i-Tree

Tools

Climate Mitigation, Heat Risk Reduction,

Infrastructure Resilience

     

NATURE- BASED SOLUTIONS RESOURCE GUIDE

Author(s) Resource Title Resource Type Benefits Addressed

USDA (USFS) (and non-

Federal partners)

Vibrant Cities Lab

Knowledge,

Guidance, Tools

Adaptation, Resilience, Equity,

Community Development, Water,

Recreation, Health, Nature

USDA (USFS) (and non-

federal partners)

The Adaptation Workbook

Tools

Climate Mitigation, Adaptation,

Resilience, Nature