Supplement 93: Instance Availability Notification
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I.2 USE CASES
The use cases for instance availability notification are based on the radiological digital imaging,
however, they may be extended to other environments, such as cardiology, radiotherapy,
ophthalmology, etc.115
It is common in today’s radiology department to have studies planned and tracked by the workflow
management systems (e.g. RIS or PACS), and to be concerned with the issues such as staff load,
productivity, efficiency, equipment utilization, report turn-around time, proper identification of
procedures performed. The list of use cases identified below is not intended to identify all cases
where this instance availability notification may be used, nor to recommend any one of them. The120
Instance Availability Notification SOP Class will facilitate the support of each one of these use
cases, although a number of other existing supporting services may also needed.
I.2.1 Radiology Modality Workflow Management Use Case
In this use case, the RIS closely monitors and actively manages the workload of interpreting
radiologists by building lists of procedures to be interpreted. Content of such lists change125
dynamically based on such factors as average radiologist load, subspecialty, radiologist availability,
and others.
The following is a typical sequence of events:
• Images and other DICOM instances are acquired or created on the modality.
• If so equipped, the modality uses MPPS to provide information to the RIS or the PACS130
(or both) about the results of the acquisition.
• When instances arrive at the PACS location from which they might be accessed for
interpretation purposes, the PACS notifies the RIS about the availability of the instances.
• If MPPS information is available to the PACS, the notification may be issued when all
instances comprising a single MPPS have arrived and are available at the PACS.135
• If association of the instances with an MPPS is not possible, the timing of notification
of those instances that are available is at the discretion of the PACS.
• The RIS uses the MPPS information received, and the availability status and location of
instances, to build a worklist of requested procedures to be interpreted and generates
General Purpose Scheduled Procedure Steps (including the references of instances140
included in the availability notification). The RIS should not depend on the timing and
sequencing of the IAN and PPS notifications, which are not specified.
I.2.2 Studies resulting from Unscheduled or Misidentified Radiology
Acquisitions Use Case
Instances are acquired by the modality when the information about the patient identity is not145
available and/or the examination performed is not yet being tracked by the RIS or PACS.
Such a situation may occur when patient is a trauma victim, or when the modality is not capable of
obtaining proper identification through the Modality Worklist Service; in either case identification
has to be entered manually by the modality operator.
To properly include such an examination into the departmental workflow, a RIS may need to track150
the existence of instances and associate them with corresponding patient and procedure
identifiers.